CICM First Part interactive diagrams

PK compartment models — Explain the single and multiple compartment pharmacokinetic models.

PK compartment models — Describe the distribution of drugs and factors that influence this.

PK compartment models — Describe the concept of effect-site concentration

Context-sensitive half-time + PK compartment models — Describe the concept of context sensitive half-time.

PK compartment models — Explain the kinetics of an intravenous bolus dose and intermittent dosing regimen compared with an infusion.

Dose-response curves — Define and explain dose-effect relationships of drugs, including dose-response curves, with reference to: graded and quantal response therapeutic index and therapeutic window intrinsic activity, potency and efficacy and …

Lung + chest wall compliance (Campbell diagram) + Mechanical ventilation modes — Relate compliance to the elastic properties of the respiratory system.

Spirometry — V-t + flow-volume loop — Describe the pressure-flow and flow-volume relationships of the lung

Lung volumes & capacities + Mechanical ventilation modes — State the normal values of lung volumes and capacities.

V/Q distribution (West / Riley) — Describe the concepts of global and regional ventilation and perfusion and: describe the factors that affect these concepts describe the West's zones of the lung and explain the mechanisms responsible for them, explain V…

V/Q distribution (West / Riley) + Oxygen cascade — atmosphere to mitochondrion — Explain the concept of shunt and: the physiological effects of shunt, how shunt may be measured.

V/Q distribution (West / Riley) — Define venous admixture and describe its relationship to shunt and V/Q mismatch.

Oxygen cascade — atmosphere to mitochondrion — Describe the movement of oxygen from the atmosphere to the cell including detail on oxygen carriage in the blood.

Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve + Oxygen cascade — atmosphere to mitochondrion — Explain the oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve and factors that may alter it.

CO₂ dissociation curve (Haldane effect) — Explain the carbon dioxide dissociation curve and factors that may alter it.

Mechanical ventilation modes — Describe the physiological consequences of intermittent positive pressure ventilation and positive end-expiratory pressure.

Cardiac action potential — Describe the structure of the excitatory elements of the heart including: Sino-atrial node, Atrio-ventricular node, Bundle of His, Purkinje Fibres, anatomical course of conduction.

Cardiac action potential — Explain the ionic basis and processes involved in the following: automaticity of the cardiac pacemaker cells excitation and relaxation of cardiac pacemaker cells excitation and relaxation of cardiac muscle cells

Wiggers diagram — cardiac cycle (animated) + Cardiac action potential — Correlate the mechanical events of the cardiac cycle with the electrical and ionic events.

Ventricular pressure-volume loop — Describe the normal pressure and flow patterns of the cardiac cycle.

Frank-Starling curve — Explain the Frank-Starling mechanism and its relationship to excitation-contraction coupling.

Starling capillary forces — Describe the features of the capillary microcirculation, including mechanisms of fluid exchange and its regulatory controls.

Mechanical ventilation modes — Explain the physiological consequences of the following on the cardiovascular system: intermittent positive pressure ventilation, positive end-expiratory pressure, Valsalva manoeuvre.

ECG mean QRS axis determination — Describe the principles and interpretation of the electrocardiogram (ECG) including: method of measurement including the components of the ECG, limitations and potential sources of error and artefact including the need f…

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system — Understand the pharmacology of anti-hypertensive drugs.

Nephron + diuretic sites — Outline the anatomy of the kidneys with particular focus on the anatomy of the functional unit, the nephron.

Renal autoregulation (RBF + GFR vs MAP) + Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system + Acute kidney injury staging — Describe renal blood flow and its regulation.

Starling capillary forces + Renal autoregulation (RBF + GFR vs MAP) + Nephron + diuretic sites + Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system + Acute kidney injury staging — Describe glomerular filtration and its regulation

Nephron + diuretic sites + Acute kidney injury staging — Describe the functions of the renal tubules and collecting ducts including the counter-current mechanism.

Starling capillary forces + Renal autoregulation (RBF + GFR vs MAP) + Acute kidney injury staging — Outline the principles of measurement of glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow.

Nephron + diuretic sites + Acute kidney injury staging — Understand the pharmacology of diuretics.

Acute kidney injury staging — Understand the pharmacology of renal replacement fluid.

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system — Describe the distribution, regulation and physiological importance of the following ions; sodium, chloride, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphate.

Davenport acid-base diagram + Anion gap and delta ratio — Explain the physiological basis of acid-base disturbances.

Davenport acid-base diagram + Anion gap and delta ratio — Explain the traditional (Henderson-Hasselbach) and the physico-chemical (Stewart) approach to acid-base interpretation.

Monro-Kellie intracranial volume + ICP curve — Explain the determinants of intracranial pressure.

Cerebral autoregulation (CBF vs MAP / PaCO₂ / PaO₂) — Describe the regulation of the cerebral and spinal cord circulation.

Monro-Kellie intracranial volume + ICP curve — Describe the measurement and interpretation of intracranial pressure including: methods of measurement, limitations and potential sources of error, methods used to minimise error and artefact including the need for calib…

Cardiac action potential — Describe the physiology of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle including excitation-contraction coupling.

Train-of-four monitoring — Outline the monitoring of neuromuscular blockade.

Glucose homeostasis — Describe the endocrine secretions of the pancreas including their regulation and function.

Glucose homeostasis — Describe the control of blood glucose including effects of fasting and response to a glucose load.

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis + Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system — Outline the secretions of the kidney and adrenal gland including their regulation and function.

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis — Understand the pharmacology of glucocorticoids.

Glucose homeostasis — Understand the pharmacology of hypoglycaemic drugs.

Glucose homeostasis — Understand the pharmacology of glucagon.

Coagulation cascade — Describe the process and regulation of haemostasis, coagulation, and fibrinolysis.

Coagulation cascade — Describe the methods for assessing coagulation, including viscoelastic assays.

Coagulation cascade — Understand the pharmacology of drugs that affect coagulation including: anti-coagulants and their reversal agents where relevant, anti-platelet drugs, fibrinolytic drugs, anti-fibrinolytic drugs.

CO₂ dissociation curve (Haldane effect) — Describe the transfer of substances across the placenta including the double Bohr and double Haldane effects.

Glucose homeostasis — Understand the pharmacology of miscellaneous and specific antidotes not listed elsewhere (e.g. fomepizole/ethanol for toxic alcohols, deferoxamine for iron, dimercaprol/DMSA/DMPS for heavy metals, Prussian blue for thall…

Glucose homeostasis — Understand the management of beta-blocker and calcium-channel-blocker overdose — escalating therapy from IV calcium and glucagon through high-dose insulin euglycaemia (1 unit/kg/h titrated up to 10 units/kg/h), vasopress…

Lung + chest wall compliance (Campbell diagram) + Mechanical ventilation modes — Describe surfactant including its composition, production and role. x. Define and describe the work of breathing and its components.